3300 - 1300 BCE: Indus Valley Civilization
2600–1900 BCE: Harappa Culture
1500–1000 BCE: Vedic Civilisation
599 BCE: Jainism
567–487 or c. 400 BCE: Buddha
550–600 BCE: Buddhism remained prevalent
550–515 BCE: Persian Invasion to west of Indus River
326 BCE: Alexander's Invasion
322–185 BCE: Maurya Empire
45–180 CE: Kushan Empire
200–400 CE: Indo-Scythians
320–550: Gupta Empire
500: White Hunnic Invasion
510–650: Harsha Vardhana Era
770-810: Pala Empire
647–1192: Rajput Period
711–713: Muhammad bin Qasim, the Arab general, conquer Sindh and Multan regions along the Indus River (modern-day Pakistan) for the Umayyad Caliphate.
713–1300: Delhi Sultanate (Turkic empires).
1206–1290: Mamluk dynasty establishes by Mohammad Ghori
1290–1320: Khilji dynasty establishes by Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji
1320–1413: Tughlaq dynasty established by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
1414–1451: Sayyid dynasty established by Khizr Khan
1451–1526: Lodhi dynasty establishes by Bahlul Khan Lodhi
1526–1707: Mughal rule
1526–1530: Zaheeruddin Muhammad Babur
1530–1540: Nasiruddin Muhammad Humayun
1540–1545: Sher Shah Suri
1545–1554: Islam Shah Suri
1555–1555: Nasiruddin Muhammad Humayun
1556–1556: Hem Chandra Vikramaditya
1556–1605: Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar
1605–1627: Nooruddin Muhammad Jahangir
1627–1658: Shahaabuddin Muhammad Shah Jahan
1658–1707: Mohiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir
1707: The rule by the Mughal empire is weakened
1469–1539: Guru Nanak Dev (1st Guru) from the Sikh religion
1539–1675: Period of 8 Sikh Gurus from Guru Angad Dev to Guru Tegh Bahadur
1675–1708: Guru Gobind Singh (10th Sikh Guru)
1708–1715: Conquests of Banda Singh Bahadur
1716–1759: The Sikhs battles against Moghul Governors
1739: Nader Shah's invasion of Mughal India
1748–1769: Indian Campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani. The Sikhs and the Durrani empire in close competition for gaining control of the region. Battle of Gohalwar (Amritsar,1757).
1761 : The Third Battle of Panipat, Battle of Sialkot (1761), Battle of Gujranwala (1761), Battle of Sialkot (1763).
1762: The 2nd Sikh holocaust, referred to as "Ghalughara" by Sikhs, from Ahmed Shah's 6th invasion
1764–1799: Rule by the Sikh Misls
1799–1839: Rule over Punjab by the majority community of Sikhs, led by Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh (born 1780, crowned 12 April 1801, died 1839)
Kharak Singh (1801–1840), Eldest son of Ranjit Singh.
Nau Nihal Singh (1821–1840), Grandson of Ranjit Singh.
Sher Singh (1807–1843), Son of Ranjit Singh.
Duleep Singh (born 1838, crowned 1843, died 1893), Youngest son of Ranjit Singh.
1849: Annexation of Punjab - The British Empire annexed Punjab in c.
1845-49; after the First and Second Anglo-Sikh Wars
1849–1947: British India established
1911: Calcutta ceases to be capital of Indian Empire and Delhi is removed from Punjab and becomes new capital territory
1947: Partition of British India thus Punjab into 2 parts the Eastern part (or two rivers) became the Indian Punjab and the Western majority part (3 rivers) the Pakistan Punjab
1966: Punjab in India divided into three parts on linguistic basis - Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Punjab (the present Punjab).